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Italian history, from Rome empire history the famous Italian renaissance history, the Italian republic history, medieval history, art passion, wars, peace as Rome history and all the Italian history tradition as teached in the Italian Schools |
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ITALIAN HISTORY - ROMOLO E REMO |
ROME WAS FOUNDED 753 Y. B.C. |
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Faustolo (around 790 years before Christ) saw a big she-wolf with two twins children sucking her milk. The legend says that once ROMOLO and REMO learned their story decided to go back to Albalonga. Here they punished the cruel Amulio and set free their grandfather. They went back to the Tiber banks where they had grown up. Here they founded a new town. |
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But
who would decide the name? |
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Romolo, Remo and the Wolf, the very beginning of Rome and the Italian history |
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ROME EMPIRE POLITICAL SYSTEM |
ROME EMPIRE ERA - THE SENATE |
ROME HISTORY - THE EMPIRE ERA |
ROME EMPIRE ORGANIZATION |
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During the Copper Age the Alban Hills area (south of the Tiber's mouth) was inhabited by an Italic agricultural and pastoral tribe called Latini. It was due to them, that Rome was founded towards the middle of the 8th century BC on one of the numerous hills (the Palatine) in the marshy depressions surrounding the river. The town and territory occupied by the Latini expanded gradually during the royal period (753-510 BC), under the seven kings of Rome: Romulus, Numa Pompilius, Tullus Hostilius, Ancus Marcius, Tarquin Priscus, Servius Tullius and Tarquin the Proud). In this period the juridical and social organization of the new nation evolved, revealing clear influence from the nearby Etruscan civilization.Territorially, at the end of the 6th century BC, Roman Lazio extended over some 2000 sq km. It covered the lower Aniene Valley as far as its junction with the Tiber and from there to the sea, besides including the major part of the Alban Hills and the coast from the mouth of the Tiber to the promontory of Anzio. |
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ITALIAN HISTORY - ROME EMPIRE |
ROME EMPIRE POLITICAL SYSTEM |
ITALIAN HISTORY - ROME EMPIRE |
ROME HISTORY - THE EMPIRE ERA |
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The economy of the Latin monarchy was based on commerce, favoured by Rome's geographic position between Campania (Magna Grecia) and Etruria. The Empire made the Roman system stable for a long period. The Mediterranean bacin became part of the Roman territory. Was need it new kind of power to control the diverse populations They used a common currency in all the Empire, a sort of "modern common market". The power was centralized in The Emperor. The ministries of the Republica Magistrates were assumed by the emperor. The Emperor ruled with the collaboration of the Senate, which had the power to elect the Emperors. But many times was imposed with Arms. The Emperor could count on his personal party, family, collaborators and freemen. The provinces grew in importance and people from the province became members of the Senate and even Emperors. Later Caracalla gave the citizenship to all the freemen of the Roman Empire |
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ITALIAN HISTORY - REPUBLIC |
ITALIAN HISTORY - REPUBLIC |
ITALIAN HISTORY - REPUBLIC |
ITALIAN HISTORY - REPUBLIC |
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ITALIAN REPUBLIC from monarchy to republic (510-509 BC) was an institutional change and also involved a profound juridical and social transformation, as the emancipation of the plebs gaining access to the government again the patrician oligarchy's monopoly. The complex social events produced the promulgation of written laws for the first time. These Laws of the Twelve Tables, carved in bronze (450 BC). While developing its own institutions and social structure, the Roman State was involved in conflicts with another populations, the 3C BC, with the other four great military Mediterranean powers: Carthage, Egypt, Syria and Macedonia. After survived the Gallic invasions, the 390 BC, crossing the Po Valley and the Apennines to Rome, after having defeated armies first at Chiusi and then on the banks of the Allia (387 BC), Rome completed the conquest of Lazio. It did this by conquering the towns of the Volsci (Anzio) to the south and those of the Etruscans (Tarquinia, Faleri and Caere) to the north of the Tiber; Veio had already been acquired after a ten-year siege at the beginning of the century (396 BC) by Furius Camillus |
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ITALIAN HISTORY - REPUBLIC |
ITALIAN HISTORY - REPUBLIC |
ITALIAN HISTORY - REPUBLIC |
ITALIAN HISTORY - REPUBLIC |
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Italian history, Rome empire history Italian renaissance history, Italian republic history, medieval history, Rome history and all the Italian history tradition as teached in the Italian Schools |
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...ITALIAN REPUBLIC With Rome predominance in Central Italy consolidated, Rome prepared to extend it over the rest of Italy during a ten-year conflict with Taranto (282-272 BC), who was allied with the king of Epirus, Pyrrhus. While they enjoyed a modest victory at Ausculum (279BC), they were heavily defeated at Beneventum (275 BC). Rome thus achieved total supremacy of the Italian peninsula and set up a complicated system of alliances between the territory of Rome, towns and colonies enjoying full or partial Roman citizenship ('civitates sine suffragio') and the others who, while being independent, recognized Roman sovereignty in the context of a confederation extending over some 130,000 sq km and equipped with well over half a million soldiers Romans and allies. The economy of the whole Italic federation, whose territory now extended from Tuscany (through Piza-Pistoia-Fiesole-Rimini, but excluding the upper course of the Arno) to southern-most Calabria, was strengthened by the construction of the first important inland road, the VIA APPIA, from Rome to Capua and Benevento (312-268 BC), as well as the development of the fleet and marine transport. At the same time the monetary system was expanded with the minting of bronze (300 BC) and silver (269 BC) coins. |
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ITALIAN MEDIEVAL HISTORY |
ITALIAN HISTORY - MEDIEVAL |
ITALIAN MEDIEVAL HISTORY |
ITALIAN HISTORY - MEDIEVAL |
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Italian history, Rome empire history Italian renaissance history, Italian republic history, medieval history, Rome history and all the Italian history tradition as teached in the Italian Schools |
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ITALIAN MEDIEVAL,... The last hundred years of the Western Roman Empire, 4th century AD, coincided with large migrations of Germanic peoples (Visigoths, Vandals, Burgundians, Huns, Heruli, Alemanni etc.). At the same time economic conditions also reflected the political instability of the imperial government, it deteriorated gradually and was accompanied by a chronic fall in population. The 5th century AD the Italian population had been reduced to some six million inhabitants. With the end of the Western Roman Empire the Italian territory remained basically united, first under Odoacer and Theodoric the Ostrogoth (493-526AD) under the latter, the country had periods of relative economic prosperity and peace. This was also due to the contribution of illustrious Romanists such as Boethius, Cassiodorus and Symmachus. It was in this period that the influence of the Christian church began more consistentlythis contrasted the focus of the Empire, whit it new capital Costantinople, founded by the emperor Constantine between 326-330AD |
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ITALIAN MEDIEVAL HISTORY |
ITALIAN HISTORY - MEDIEVAL |
ITALIAN MEDIEVAL HISTORY |
ITALIAN HISTORY - MEDIEVAL |
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Italian history, Rome empire history Italian renaissance history, Italian republic history, medieval history, Rome history and all the Italian history tradition as teached in the Italian Schools |
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... The Christian church continues the authority and prestige of Rome, in particular the Popes as Leo I (440-461) and Gregory the Great (590-604). The church also assumes political and administrative functions whit repeated territorial acquisitions (St. Peter's patrimony). The 4th century AD began the western monachism, with St. Benedict of Nursia (480-543AD). The Benedictine monasteries and abbeys, became the early Middle Ages not only places of religion but centres for the preservation and spread of culture. They define the drainage and use the lands devastated and depopulated by recurrent war. The papacy, monasteries and other ecclesiastical institutions found themselves in possession of huge estates, often enlarged by further donations, that contributed to strengthen their political authority and power. The bad relations between Theodoric's successors and the Eastern Empire offered the emperor Justinian (527-565AD) the opportunity to re-unite the Empire. This starts a difficult conflict, the Graeco-Gothic War (535-553AD), which had grave consequences for the Italian territory as it was placed under the government of the Exarchate of Ravenna. |
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ITALIAN HISTORY - RENAISSANCE |
ITALIAN HISTORY - RENAISSANCE |
ITALIAN HISTORY - RENAISSANCE |
ITALIAN HISTORY - RENAISSANCE |
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Italian history, Rome empire history Italian renaissance history, Italian republic history, medieval history, Rome history and all the Italian history tradition as teached in the Italian Schools |
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ITALIAN
RENAISSANCE, The scarse inclination
of the newly-formed urban middle-class for military activities let to a
search for the protection and support of their interests by the powerful
feudal families. In a short time, although in the name of the people, they
acquired the signoria or lordship of the old communes. |
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ITALIAN HISTORY - RENAISSANCE |
ITALIAN HISTORY - RENAISSANCE |
ITALIAN HISTORY - RENAISSANCE |
ITALIAN HISTORY - RENAISSANCE |
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Italian history, Rome empire history Italian renaissance history, Italian republic history, medieval history, Rome history and all the Italian history tradition as teached in the Italian Schools |
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ITALIAN
RENAISSANCE, ... On
the death of their founder Gian Galeazzo in 1402, the ambitions of the
Duchy of Milan were reduced and Venice, having subdued the other Venetian
signorie, succeeded in advancing as far as the banks of the Adda. In the
meantime also the Florentine republic was drawing to an end. In 1382 the
last corporations represented in the city's government were removed and an
oligarchic regime installed that would later lead to the signoria of
Cosimo de' Medici (1434). While several years later the king of Sicily,
Alfonso d'Aragona, seized the throne of Naples (1442) and the Visconti of
Milan were replaced by the Sforza (1448), after the brief interlude of the
Repubblica Ambrosiana. |
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